This thoroughly revised book is a review on Calcium hydroxide. It is of great help to dental practioners as well as post graduate students. Calcium hydroxide is a very versatile material in dentistry. It plays a fundamental role in maintaining tooth vitality in procedures like direct and indirect pulp capping and pulpotomy. It is also indispesible in providing an antimicrobial environment in endodontics. Due to its various formulations, it can be effectively used in restorative (setting formulations) as well as in endodontics (non-setting formulations). The multifaceted uses of calcium hydroxide have earned it a title of “wonder drug of dentistry”!