The book contains all the theoretical and experimental problems of the last six International Mendeleev Chemistry Olympiads 2001-2006. It is a result of a great work of a large group of scientists from different countries, whose biography data are also presented in the book. The reader has a possibility to completely comprehend the system of the Mendeleev Olympiad problems , to get information about the modern directions of the development of chemical science, as well as about the people who devoted their lives to chemistry and chemistry Olympiads. The unique information presented in the book is useful to everyone interested in chemistry: high school and university students, school and university teachers