This monograph is based on the results of a research project in neurology. The results of the presented study are related to a highly innovative concept in current stroke research, known as neuroimmunology. The focus of this work is a combination of selected common markers of inflammation as well as proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases along with some of their genetic aspects conjoint together with the course and sequelae of human intracerebral hemorrhage. The results of this clinical, prospective, monocentric study allow more insight into the process of secondary post-stroke brain injury and deliver evidence for the importance of inflammation in this condition.