Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(NAFLD) is reported to be a hepatic representation of metabolic syndrome.This could be a reflection of a metabolic stress related to fat deposition causing a possible dysregulation of hepato-adipo-cardiac axis. Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, visceral obesity, glucose intolerance, a proinflammatory state could be some of the features of NAFLD that could lead to its severe form non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Biochemical studies related to various aspects of NAFLD involving its diagnosis to therapy will be relevant to understand its pathophysiology.